Short-term changes in NT-proBNP levels following initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart stress

Short-term changes in NT-proBNP levels following initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart stress. Download PDF Abstract Prevention in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) relies on identifying subclinical organ damage. This study examined the “Heart Stress” (HS) phenotype—defined by the Heart Failure Association-European Society of Cardiology (HFA-ESC) as asymptomatic elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), irrespective of the presence or absence of detectable structural cardiac abnormalities.

We investigated early NT-proBNP trajectories following initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) or GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) in a multicenter, longitudinal study involving 100 T2DM outpatients meeting HS criteria (baseline median NT-proBNP 192.5 pg/mL). Together with the analysis on raw NT-proBNP levels, NT-proBNP were further adjusted for age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and body mass index (BMI) at baseline and after 3 months in a secondary analysis to account for the known influence of renal function changes and weight loss on circulating NT-proBNP concentrations. After a 3-month follow-up, we found no significant changes in raw NT-proBNP levels in either group.

An interaction was present between raw NT-proBNP trajectory and ΔeGFR ( p for interaction = 0.012) in the SGLT2i group, with significant reduction of − 6.4% (95% CI − 11.9% to − 0.8%, p = 0.026) in the lowest ΔeGFR tertile. Considering adjusted NT-proBNP, the SGLT2i group showed a modest reduction (− 2.4%, 95% CI − 4.7% to − 0.2%, p = 0.035), whereas younger patients (< 70 years) had a more solid decrease (− 9.0%, 95% CI − 13.4% to − 4.6%, p < 0.001). An interaction between ΔBMI, as a continuous variable, and raw NT-proBNP trajectory was found in the GLP-1 RA group ( p for interaction = 0.027).

Following the release of Xcode 27.1 beta 1 last week, Bitrig has added support for building and testing iPhone Duo apps, complete with an interactive 3D simulator that lets developers fold, tilt, rotate, and position the device however they want. Here are the details.

The iPhone Duo makes some big changes to iOS to account for the foldable design. It affects the camera, multitasking and more.

AI coding platform Bitrig adds iPhone Duo support with interactive 3D simulator. M6 Mac mini review: Apple’s most versatile Mac continues to shine Chance Miller Sep 21 2026.

How the iPhone Duo’s software is different from a standard iPhone. Big Tech Apple How the iPhone Duo’s software is different from a standard iPhone The iPhone Duo has some tricks that no other iPhone can do.

But the fold is only part of the story, as Apple has built many features specifically for this form factor. It’s still iOS underneath, but not the way you’re used to.

The interface has been revamped to take advantage of the new screens: apps can run side by side and Apple Pencil now works on the iPhone. If you go for an iPhone Duo, you’ll be able to explore a set of software features that aren’t available on the regular models.

Features you can only get on the iPhone Duo Apple Perhaps the most notable change is in multitasking. While iOS has offered a way to keep multiple apps running since iOS 4, it’s never been iPad-level multitasking.

The iPhone keeps recent apps suspended in the background so you can switch between them without losing your place, but there has never really been a way to use two apps at the same time until now.

Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with qualified healthcare professionals for medical decisions and treatment options.