Age at type 2 diabetes onset

Age at type 2 diabetes onset, retinol binding protein 4 and risks of diabetic retinopathy: a real-world cross-sectional study. Download PDF Abstract To examine the association between serum retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), and to assess whether age at type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset modifies this association. This cross-sectional study included 6,996 adults with T2DM identified from electronic medical records at Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhejiang, between 2018 and 2023.

Participants were stratified by age at diabetes onset (< 65 vs. DR was assessed using standardized fundus photography according to ETDRS criteria. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with interaction analyses performed to assess effect modification.

Higher RBP4 levels (≥ 40 pg/mL) were associated with higher odds of DR in both age-at-onset strata. In adjusted analyses, the OR was 1.28 (95% CI 1.12–1.45) among participants with T2DM onset < 65 years and 1.43 (95% CI 0.96–2.12) among those with onset ≥ 65 years. The formal interaction by categorical age at T2DM onset (< 65 vs.

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