Self-reported pain, depressive symptoms and risk for cardiovascular diseases

Self-reported pain, depressive symptoms and risk for cardiovascular diseases. Download PDF Abstract Previous studies have found that both pain and depressive symptoms are deleteriously associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of current study was to investigate the joint association of pain and depressive symptoms with CVD risk.

A total of 13,184 participants aged 45 years or older from the China Health and Retirement longitudinal study were included in current study. Participants were divided into 4 groups according to self-reported pain and depressive symptoms status. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to explore the associations between self-reported pain/depressive symptoms and new-onset CVD, stroke and cardiac events.

During the 9-year follow-up, a total of 2,834 individuals experienced CVD (including 965 stroke and 2,168 cardiac events). Both self-reported pain and depressive symptoms were independently associated with increased risk of CVD.

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